Photo realism and gesture drawing could be categorised under "form first," where form is the focus, and lines are either avoided, or, as in gesture drawing, regarded as only an means to an end with little regard to their quality.
Gesture drawing is great for drawing from your imagination a design involving a difficult form, or for doing full length figures where you need to get an overall form. Line first is the other end of the spectrum, however. You pretty much need a model.
I have learned to draw through a face using lines which are accurate sometimes with very little structure. The line discipline developes a trust in your hand which enables you to progress confidently. My drawings are never perfect. But I find this method to be very helpful in creating a stylish drawing. Anyone drawing with the chiseled, line first method will have a drawing unlike anyone else's, even though the method is the same. It is like calygraphy. Like handwriting.
It certainly is a way of seeing. It converts everything into a line value. That is why I find it important to chisel the point. It gives me the maximun control over the tip of the lead. That is, in my opinion, paramount in learning to use the pencil. If you chisel the point, you have at the slightest turn, every kind of line at your disposal.
If your line technique is stylish, your drawing will be interesting even if the form is weak.
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